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are ruled

  • 1 cohibeo

    cŏ-hĭbĕo, ui ( perf. subj. cohibessit, Lucr. 3, 444 Lachm.), ĭtum, 2, v. a. [habeo].
    I.
    To hold together, to hold, contain, confine, embrace, comprise (class.;

    syn. contineo): omnes naturas ipsa (universa natura) cohibet et continet,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35; Lucr. 3, 441 sq.; 1, 517; 1, 536:

    (nubes) ut fumus constare nequirent, Nec cohibere nives gelidas et grandinis imbres,

    id. 6, 107:

    aliquid in se,

    id. 2, 1031; cf. Cic. Fat. 9, 19:

    at Scyllam caecis cohibet spelunca latebris,

    Verg. A. 3, 424:

    semen occaecatum,

    Cic. de Sen. 15, 51:

    nodo crinem,

    Hor. C. 3, 14, 22:

    namque marem cohibent callosa (ova) vitellum,

    id. S. 2, 4, 14:

    auro lacertos,

    to encircle, Ov. H. 9, 59:

    bracchium togā,

    Cic. Cael. 5, 11:

    deos parietibus,

    Tac. G. 9.—
    B.
    Trop. (very rare): sed interest inter causas fortuito antegressas, et inter causas cohibentis in se efficientiam naturalem, Cic. Fat. 9, 19.—
    II.
    With the access. idea of hindering free motion, to hold, keep, keep back, hinder, stay, restrain, stop, etc. (in a lit. sense in prose rare, but trop. very freq.).
    A.
    Prop.:

    cohibete intra limen etiam vos parumper,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 1:

    nec muris cohibet patriis media Ardea Turnum,

    Verg. A. 9, 738:

    carcere ventos,

    Ov. M. 14, 224:

    ventos in antris,

    id. ib. 15, 346: cervos arcu, to stop, poet. for to kill, Hor. C. 4, 6, 34:

    nec Stygiā cohibebor undā,

    id. ib. 2, 20, 8:

    tempestatibus in portibus cohiberi, Auct. B. Afr. 98: cohiberi in vinculis,

    Curt. 6, 2, 11:

    Pirithoum cohibent catenae,

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 80:

    claustra cohibentia Janum,

    id. Ep. 2, 1, 255:

    ab aliquā re,

    Liv. 22, 3, 9; Tac. A. 1, 56:

    sanguis spongiā in aceto tinctā cohibendus est,

    Cels. 8, 4; cf. Plin. 27, 11, 69, § 93:

    alvum,

    id. 29, 3, 11, § 49:

    milites intra castra,

    Curt. 10, 3, 6:

    aquilones jugis montium,

    id. 8, 9, 12.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Cohibere aliquid or cohibere se, to stop something (or one ' s self), to hold in check, to restrain, limit, confine, keep back, repress, tame, subdue (syn.:

    contineo, refreno, arceo, coerceo): motus animi perturbatos,

    Cic. Off. 2, 5, 18:

    furentis impetus crudelissimosque conatus,

    id. Phil. 3, 2, 5; cf.:

    furorem alicujus,

    id. ib. 5, 13, 37:

    temeritatem,

    id. Ac. 1, 12, 45:

    gaudia clausa in sinu tacito,

    Prop. 2 (3), 25, 30:

    iras,

    Verg. A. 12, 314:

    pravas aliorum spes,

    Tac. A. 3, 56:

    ac premeret sensus suos,

    id. ib. 3, 11:

    bellum,

    Liv. 9, 29, 5:

    malum,

    Tac. A. 6, 16:

    sumptus,

    Arn. 2, p. 91:

    violentias effrenati doloris,

    Gell. 12, 5, 3:

    altitudinem aedificiorum,

    Tac. A. 15, 43:

    (provinciae) quae procuratoribus cohibentur,

    i. e. are ruled, id. H. 1, 11: non tu te cohibes? be moderate in grief, * Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 46; so Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4; Gell. 4, 9, 3.—
    (β).
    With quominus:

    vix cohibuere amici, quominus eodem mari oppeteret,

    Tac. A. 2, 24.— Pass.:

    ne flumine quidem interjecto, cohiberi quominus, etc.,

    Tac. A. 2, 10.—
    (γ).
    With inf., Calp. Ecl. 4, 20 (but in Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 60; id. Caecin. 23, 66; Auct. B. G. 8, 23, prohibere is the true reading).—
    2.
    Aliquid ab aliquā re or aliquo, to keep something from something (or somebody), to ward off:

    manus ab alieno,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 12:

    manus, oculos, animum ab auro gazāque regiā,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 23, 66:

    effrenatas suas libidines a liberis et a conjugibus vestris,

    id. Mil. 28, 76:

    adsensionem a rebus incertis,

    id. N. D. 1, 1, 1.—Hence, cŏhĭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., confined, limited, moderate:

    dicendi genus,

    Gell. 7, 14, 7.— Comp.:

    habitudo cohibitior,

    Aus. Grat. Act. 27, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cohibeo

  • 2 rēgnō

        rēgnō āvī, ātus, āre    [regnum], to have royal power, be king, rule, reign: triginta annos: iniussu populi: tertium iam hunc annum regnans, Cs.: regnante Romulo: regnandi dira cupido, V.: Albae regnare, L.: Tusco profundo, O.: quā Daunus agrestium Regnavit populorum, H.: ter centum totos regnabitur annos Gente sub Hectoreā, V.: quia post Tati mortem non erat regnatum, L.— Trans., only pass. (poet. or late): terra acri quondam regnata Lycurgo, ruled by, V.: Latio regnata per arva Saturno quondam, in which Saturn was king, V.: trans Lugios Gotones regnantur, have kings, Ta.— To be lord, rule, reign, govern, be swpreme: equitum centurias tenere, in quibus regnas: vivo et regno, H.: Caelo tonantem credidimus Iovem Regnare, H.— To lord it, tyranniz<*> domineer: regnavit is paucos mensīs: se ille interfecto Milone regnaturum putaret: regnare ac dominari, L.: Per ramos victor regnat (ignis), V. —Fig., to rule, have the mastery, prevail, predominate: in quo uno regnat oratio: ebrietas geminata libidine regnat, O.
    * * *
    regnare, regnavi, regnatus V
    reign, rule; be king; play the lord, be master

    Latin-English dictionary > rēgnō

  • 3 derigo

    dī-rĭgo or dērĭgo (the latter form preferred by Roby, L. G. 2, p. 387; cf. Rib. Proleg. ad Verg. p. 401 sq.; so Liv. 21, 19, 1; 21, 47, 8; 22, 28 Weissenb.; id. 22, 47, 2 Drak.; Lach. ad Lucr. 4, 609; Tac. A. 6, 40 Ritter; acc. to Brambach, s. v., the two forms are different words, de-rigo meaning to give a particular direction to; di-rigo, to arrange in distinct lines, set or move different ways; cf. describo and discribo. But the distinction is not observed in the MSS. and edd. generally), rexi, rectum, 3 ( perf. sync. direxti, Verg. A. 6, 57), v. a. [dis-rego], to lay straight, set in a straight line, to arrange, draw up (class.; cf.: guberno, collineo, teneo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    coronam si diviseris, arcus erit: si direxeris, virga,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 10:

    haec directa materia injecta consternebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 8:

    crates,

    id. B. C. 3, 46, 5:

    naves ante portum,

    Liv. 37, 31; cf.:

    naves in pugnam,

    id. 22, 19:

    vicos,

    i. e. to build regularly, id. 5, 55; cf.

    castella,

    Flor. 4, 12, 26:

    molem recta fronte,

    Curt. 4, 3 et saep.:

    regiones lituo,

    i. e. to lay out, bound, Cic. Div. 1, 17; cf.:

    finem alicui veterem viam regiam,

    Liv. 39, 27.—Esp. freq.:

    aciem,

    to draw up the troops in battle array, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 5; Liv. 21, 47 fin.; 34, 28; Front. Strat. 1, 12, 3; 2, 1, 4 et saep.; cf.

    frontem,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3; 5, 13, 11:

    membrana plumbo derecta,

    ruled with a lead-pencil, Cat. 22, 7.—
    * b.
    Perh. i. q., to split, cleave in twain:

    elephantum machaeră dirigit,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 54 (dub.); cf.: dirigere apud Plautum invenitur pro discidere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 15 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic., with respect to the terminus, to send in a straight line, to direct to a place (so most freq.):

    ex vestigio vela ad castra Corneliana,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 6:

    aciem ad te,

    Cat. 63, 56:

    cursum ad litora,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 4: iter ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 112 et saep.—Afterwards more freq. with in:

    equum in consulem,

    Liv. 2, 6:

    currum in hostem,

    Ov. M. 12, 78:

    tela manusque in corpus Aeacidae,

    Verg. A. 6, 57; Front. Strat. 3, 3, 4:

    hastam in te,

    Ov. M. 8, 66; cf.:

    dentes in inguina,

    id. ib. 8, 400:

    cursum in Africam,

    Vell. 2, 19 fin.:

    cursum per auras in lucos,

    Verg. A. 6, 195 et saep.:

    navem eo,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

    gressum huc,

    Verg. A. 5, 162; 11, 855 et saep.; and poet. with the dat.:

    Ilo hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 401 et saep.—Without designating the limit:

    ab iisdem (Etesiis) maritimi cursus (i. e. navium) celeres et certi diriguntur,

    to be directed, steered, Cic. N. D. 2, 53:

    iter navis,

    Ov. F. 1, 4:

    cursum,

    Front. Strat. 3, 13, 6; esp. freq. of weapons, to aim, direct:

    spicula,

    Verg. A. 7, 497; Ov. M. 12, 606:

    hastile,

    Verg. A. 12, 490:

    tela,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 18:

    sagittas,

    Suet. Dom. 19 et saep.— Poet.:

    vulnera,

    Verg. A. 10, 140; Sil. 2, 92 Drak.; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    vulnera alicui,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 160.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to set in order, arrange (very rare):

    materias divisione dirigere,

    Quint. 2, 6, 1.—Far more freq. (esp. in Cic. and Quint.),
    B.
    In partic.: aliquid ad or in aliquid; also: aliqua re, to direct, guide, arrange a thing either to something (as its aim, scope) or according to something (as its rule or pattern).
    (α).
    With ad: meas cogitationes sic dirigo, non ad illam parvulam Cynosuram sed, etc., Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.:

    orationem ad exempla,

    id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.; Quint. 10, 2, 1:

    judicium ad ea,

    id. 6, 5, 2:

    se ad id quod, etc.,

    id. 12, 3, 8; cf.:

    se ad ea effingenda,

    id. 10, 1, 127:

    praecipua rerum ad famam,

    Tac. A. 4, 40 et saep.—In a different sense (viz., with ad equiv. to secundum, v. ad):

    in verbis et eligendis et collocandis nihil non ad rationem,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140:

    vitam ad certam rationis normam,

    to conform, id. Mur. 2:

    leges hominum ad naturam,

    id. Leg. 2, 5 fin.; id. Or. 2 fin. et saep.—
    (β).
    With in (not so in Cic.):

    tota mente (intentionem) in opus ipsum,

    Quint. 10, 3, 28:

    communes locos in vitia,

    id. 2, 1, 11; Front. Strat. 3, 2, 2 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With abl. (only in Cic.):

    quos (fines) utilitate aut voluptate dirigunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 20 fin.:

    omnia voluptate,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 71:

    utilitatem honestate,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 83:

    haec normā,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190.—
    (δ).
    Without an object:

    (divinatio) ad veritatem saepissime dirigit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 14 fin. —
    (ε).
    With acc. only: epistolam (sc. ad aliquem), to write, Capit. Clod. Alb. 2.—
    (ζ).
    With adversus, Quint. 5, 7, 6.—Hence, dīrectus ( dērectus), a, um, P. a., made straight, straight, direct, whether horizontally or perpendicularly; straight, level; upright, steep.
    A.
    Lit.:

    auditus flexuosum iter habet, ne quid intrare possit, si simplex et directum pateret,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; cf.

    aes (tubae), opp. flexum,

    Ov. M. 1, 98:

    iter,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 79, 2: latera, id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf.

    trabes,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 1:

    ordo (olearum),

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 22:

    arcus (opp. obliquus),

    Ov. M. 2, 129:

    paries,

    i. e. that cuts another at right angles, Cic. Top. 4: ut directiores ictus flant, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 2:

    praeruptus locus utraque ex parte directus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 4; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 3:

    (Henna) ab omni aditu circumcisa atque directa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48 Zumpt N. cr.:

    cornu,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26.— Subst.: dī-rectum, i, n., a straight line:

    in directo pedum VIII. esse, in anfracto XVI.,

    in a straight line, Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll.; so,

    altitudo (montis) per directum IV. M. pass.,

    Plin. 5, 22, 18, § 80; cf. id. 3, 5, 9, § 66 al.:

    cadere in directum moderate (with exire per devexum),

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 20; Vulg. Ezech. 47, 20 al.—
    B.
    Trop., straightforward, unceremonious, open, simple, direct:

    o praeclaram beate vivendi et apertam et simplicem et directam viam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18; cf.:

    iter ad laudem,

    id. Cael. 17, 41:

    vera illa et directa ratio,

    id. ib. 18:

    tristis ac directus senex,

    id. ib. 16, 38; cf.:

    quid est in judicio? Directum, asperum, simplex, SI PARET HS ICCC DARI,

    id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:

    percunctatio et denuntiatio belli,

    Liv. 21, 19; cf.

    contiones,

    Just. 38, 3 fin. (v. obliquus):

    verba,

    Cod. Just. 6, 23, 15:

    actio,

    Dig. 3, 5, 46; 9, 4, 26 et saep.; cf.

    institutio (opp. precaria),

    id. 29, 1, 19:

    libertates (opp. fideicommissariae),

    id. 29, 4, 12.— Adv.
    a.
    dīrectē, directly, straight (very rare):

    dicere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24:

    ire,

    Vulg. Sap. 5, 22.—Far more freq.,
    b.
    dīrectō, directly, straight:

    deorsum ferri,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 25:

    transversas trabes,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2:

    ad fidem spectare,

    Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46; so id. Div. 2, 61 fin. (opp. anfractus and circuitio); Liv. 1, 11 fin.; Sen. Ep. 66; Dig. 9, 4, 26 al. —
    * c.
    dīrectā:

    quo magis ursimus alte directā,

    press deep down perpendicularly, Lucr. 2, 198.—
    d.
    dīrectim, straightway, directly (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34; Macr. S. 7, 12 fin.—Comp.:

    directius gubernare,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66.— Sup. seems not to occur either in the adj. or in the adv.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > derigo

  • 4 directum

    dī-rĭgo or dērĭgo (the latter form preferred by Roby, L. G. 2, p. 387; cf. Rib. Proleg. ad Verg. p. 401 sq.; so Liv. 21, 19, 1; 21, 47, 8; 22, 28 Weissenb.; id. 22, 47, 2 Drak.; Lach. ad Lucr. 4, 609; Tac. A. 6, 40 Ritter; acc. to Brambach, s. v., the two forms are different words, de-rigo meaning to give a particular direction to; di-rigo, to arrange in distinct lines, set or move different ways; cf. describo and discribo. But the distinction is not observed in the MSS. and edd. generally), rexi, rectum, 3 ( perf. sync. direxti, Verg. A. 6, 57), v. a. [dis-rego], to lay straight, set in a straight line, to arrange, draw up (class.; cf.: guberno, collineo, teneo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    coronam si diviseris, arcus erit: si direxeris, virga,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 10:

    haec directa materia injecta consternebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 8:

    crates,

    id. B. C. 3, 46, 5:

    naves ante portum,

    Liv. 37, 31; cf.:

    naves in pugnam,

    id. 22, 19:

    vicos,

    i. e. to build regularly, id. 5, 55; cf.

    castella,

    Flor. 4, 12, 26:

    molem recta fronte,

    Curt. 4, 3 et saep.:

    regiones lituo,

    i. e. to lay out, bound, Cic. Div. 1, 17; cf.:

    finem alicui veterem viam regiam,

    Liv. 39, 27.—Esp. freq.:

    aciem,

    to draw up the troops in battle array, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 5; Liv. 21, 47 fin.; 34, 28; Front. Strat. 1, 12, 3; 2, 1, 4 et saep.; cf.

    frontem,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3; 5, 13, 11:

    membrana plumbo derecta,

    ruled with a lead-pencil, Cat. 22, 7.—
    * b.
    Perh. i. q., to split, cleave in twain:

    elephantum machaeră dirigit,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 54 (dub.); cf.: dirigere apud Plautum invenitur pro discidere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 15 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic., with respect to the terminus, to send in a straight line, to direct to a place (so most freq.):

    ex vestigio vela ad castra Corneliana,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 6:

    aciem ad te,

    Cat. 63, 56:

    cursum ad litora,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 4: iter ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 112 et saep.—Afterwards more freq. with in:

    equum in consulem,

    Liv. 2, 6:

    currum in hostem,

    Ov. M. 12, 78:

    tela manusque in corpus Aeacidae,

    Verg. A. 6, 57; Front. Strat. 3, 3, 4:

    hastam in te,

    Ov. M. 8, 66; cf.:

    dentes in inguina,

    id. ib. 8, 400:

    cursum in Africam,

    Vell. 2, 19 fin.:

    cursum per auras in lucos,

    Verg. A. 6, 195 et saep.:

    navem eo,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

    gressum huc,

    Verg. A. 5, 162; 11, 855 et saep.; and poet. with the dat.:

    Ilo hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 401 et saep.—Without designating the limit:

    ab iisdem (Etesiis) maritimi cursus (i. e. navium) celeres et certi diriguntur,

    to be directed, steered, Cic. N. D. 2, 53:

    iter navis,

    Ov. F. 1, 4:

    cursum,

    Front. Strat. 3, 13, 6; esp. freq. of weapons, to aim, direct:

    spicula,

    Verg. A. 7, 497; Ov. M. 12, 606:

    hastile,

    Verg. A. 12, 490:

    tela,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 18:

    sagittas,

    Suet. Dom. 19 et saep.— Poet.:

    vulnera,

    Verg. A. 10, 140; Sil. 2, 92 Drak.; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    vulnera alicui,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 160.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to set in order, arrange (very rare):

    materias divisione dirigere,

    Quint. 2, 6, 1.—Far more freq. (esp. in Cic. and Quint.),
    B.
    In partic.: aliquid ad or in aliquid; also: aliqua re, to direct, guide, arrange a thing either to something (as its aim, scope) or according to something (as its rule or pattern).
    (α).
    With ad: meas cogitationes sic dirigo, non ad illam parvulam Cynosuram sed, etc., Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.:

    orationem ad exempla,

    id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.; Quint. 10, 2, 1:

    judicium ad ea,

    id. 6, 5, 2:

    se ad id quod, etc.,

    id. 12, 3, 8; cf.:

    se ad ea effingenda,

    id. 10, 1, 127:

    praecipua rerum ad famam,

    Tac. A. 4, 40 et saep.—In a different sense (viz., with ad equiv. to secundum, v. ad):

    in verbis et eligendis et collocandis nihil non ad rationem,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140:

    vitam ad certam rationis normam,

    to conform, id. Mur. 2:

    leges hominum ad naturam,

    id. Leg. 2, 5 fin.; id. Or. 2 fin. et saep.—
    (β).
    With in (not so in Cic.):

    tota mente (intentionem) in opus ipsum,

    Quint. 10, 3, 28:

    communes locos in vitia,

    id. 2, 1, 11; Front. Strat. 3, 2, 2 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With abl. (only in Cic.):

    quos (fines) utilitate aut voluptate dirigunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 20 fin.:

    omnia voluptate,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 71:

    utilitatem honestate,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 83:

    haec normā,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190.—
    (δ).
    Without an object:

    (divinatio) ad veritatem saepissime dirigit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 14 fin. —
    (ε).
    With acc. only: epistolam (sc. ad aliquem), to write, Capit. Clod. Alb. 2.—
    (ζ).
    With adversus, Quint. 5, 7, 6.—Hence, dīrectus ( dērectus), a, um, P. a., made straight, straight, direct, whether horizontally or perpendicularly; straight, level; upright, steep.
    A.
    Lit.:

    auditus flexuosum iter habet, ne quid intrare possit, si simplex et directum pateret,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; cf.

    aes (tubae), opp. flexum,

    Ov. M. 1, 98:

    iter,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 79, 2: latera, id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf.

    trabes,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 1:

    ordo (olearum),

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 22:

    arcus (opp. obliquus),

    Ov. M. 2, 129:

    paries,

    i. e. that cuts another at right angles, Cic. Top. 4: ut directiores ictus flant, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 2:

    praeruptus locus utraque ex parte directus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 4; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 3:

    (Henna) ab omni aditu circumcisa atque directa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48 Zumpt N. cr.:

    cornu,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26.— Subst.: dī-rectum, i, n., a straight line:

    in directo pedum VIII. esse, in anfracto XVI.,

    in a straight line, Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll.; so,

    altitudo (montis) per directum IV. M. pass.,

    Plin. 5, 22, 18, § 80; cf. id. 3, 5, 9, § 66 al.:

    cadere in directum moderate (with exire per devexum),

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 20; Vulg. Ezech. 47, 20 al.—
    B.
    Trop., straightforward, unceremonious, open, simple, direct:

    o praeclaram beate vivendi et apertam et simplicem et directam viam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18; cf.:

    iter ad laudem,

    id. Cael. 17, 41:

    vera illa et directa ratio,

    id. ib. 18:

    tristis ac directus senex,

    id. ib. 16, 38; cf.:

    quid est in judicio? Directum, asperum, simplex, SI PARET HS ICCC DARI,

    id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:

    percunctatio et denuntiatio belli,

    Liv. 21, 19; cf.

    contiones,

    Just. 38, 3 fin. (v. obliquus):

    verba,

    Cod. Just. 6, 23, 15:

    actio,

    Dig. 3, 5, 46; 9, 4, 26 et saep.; cf.

    institutio (opp. precaria),

    id. 29, 1, 19:

    libertates (opp. fideicommissariae),

    id. 29, 4, 12.— Adv.
    a.
    dīrectē, directly, straight (very rare):

    dicere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24:

    ire,

    Vulg. Sap. 5, 22.—Far more freq.,
    b.
    dīrectō, directly, straight:

    deorsum ferri,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 25:

    transversas trabes,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2:

    ad fidem spectare,

    Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46; so id. Div. 2, 61 fin. (opp. anfractus and circuitio); Liv. 1, 11 fin.; Sen. Ep. 66; Dig. 9, 4, 26 al. —
    * c.
    dīrectā:

    quo magis ursimus alte directā,

    press deep down perpendicularly, Lucr. 2, 198.—
    d.
    dīrectim, straightway, directly (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34; Macr. S. 7, 12 fin.—Comp.:

    directius gubernare,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66.— Sup. seems not to occur either in the adj. or in the adv.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > directum

  • 5 dirigo

    dī-rĭgo or dērĭgo (the latter form preferred by Roby, L. G. 2, p. 387; cf. Rib. Proleg. ad Verg. p. 401 sq.; so Liv. 21, 19, 1; 21, 47, 8; 22, 28 Weissenb.; id. 22, 47, 2 Drak.; Lach. ad Lucr. 4, 609; Tac. A. 6, 40 Ritter; acc. to Brambach, s. v., the two forms are different words, de-rigo meaning to give a particular direction to; di-rigo, to arrange in distinct lines, set or move different ways; cf. describo and discribo. But the distinction is not observed in the MSS. and edd. generally), rexi, rectum, 3 ( perf. sync. direxti, Verg. A. 6, 57), v. a. [dis-rego], to lay straight, set in a straight line, to arrange, draw up (class.; cf.: guberno, collineo, teneo).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    coronam si diviseris, arcus erit: si direxeris, virga,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 10:

    haec directa materia injecta consternebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 8:

    crates,

    id. B. C. 3, 46, 5:

    naves ante portum,

    Liv. 37, 31; cf.:

    naves in pugnam,

    id. 22, 19:

    vicos,

    i. e. to build regularly, id. 5, 55; cf.

    castella,

    Flor. 4, 12, 26:

    molem recta fronte,

    Curt. 4, 3 et saep.:

    regiones lituo,

    i. e. to lay out, bound, Cic. Div. 1, 17; cf.:

    finem alicui veterem viam regiam,

    Liv. 39, 27.—Esp. freq.:

    aciem,

    to draw up the troops in battle array, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 5; Liv. 21, 47 fin.; 34, 28; Front. Strat. 1, 12, 3; 2, 1, 4 et saep.; cf.

    frontem,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3; 5, 13, 11:

    membrana plumbo derecta,

    ruled with a lead-pencil, Cat. 22, 7.—
    * b.
    Perh. i. q., to split, cleave in twain:

    elephantum machaeră dirigit,

    Plaut. Curc. 3, 54 (dub.); cf.: dirigere apud Plautum invenitur pro discidere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69, 15 Müll.—
    B.
    In partic., with respect to the terminus, to send in a straight line, to direct to a place (so most freq.):

    ex vestigio vela ad castra Corneliana,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 6:

    aciem ad te,

    Cat. 63, 56:

    cursum ad litora,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 25, 4: iter ad Mutinam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 112 et saep.—Afterwards more freq. with in:

    equum in consulem,

    Liv. 2, 6:

    currum in hostem,

    Ov. M. 12, 78:

    tela manusque in corpus Aeacidae,

    Verg. A. 6, 57; Front. Strat. 3, 3, 4:

    hastam in te,

    Ov. M. 8, 66; cf.:

    dentes in inguina,

    id. ib. 8, 400:

    cursum in Africam,

    Vell. 2, 19 fin.:

    cursum per auras in lucos,

    Verg. A. 6, 195 et saep.:

    navem eo,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

    gressum huc,

    Verg. A. 5, 162; 11, 855 et saep.; and poet. with the dat.:

    Ilo hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 401 et saep.—Without designating the limit:

    ab iisdem (Etesiis) maritimi cursus (i. e. navium) celeres et certi diriguntur,

    to be directed, steered, Cic. N. D. 2, 53:

    iter navis,

    Ov. F. 1, 4:

    cursum,

    Front. Strat. 3, 13, 6; esp. freq. of weapons, to aim, direct:

    spicula,

    Verg. A. 7, 497; Ov. M. 12, 606:

    hastile,

    Verg. A. 12, 490:

    tela,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 18:

    sagittas,

    Suet. Dom. 19 et saep.— Poet.:

    vulnera,

    Verg. A. 10, 140; Sil. 2, 92 Drak.; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    vulnera alicui,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 160.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to set in order, arrange (very rare):

    materias divisione dirigere,

    Quint. 2, 6, 1.—Far more freq. (esp. in Cic. and Quint.),
    B.
    In partic.: aliquid ad or in aliquid; also: aliqua re, to direct, guide, arrange a thing either to something (as its aim, scope) or according to something (as its rule or pattern).
    (α).
    With ad: meas cogitationes sic dirigo, non ad illam parvulam Cynosuram sed, etc., Ac. 2, 20, 66; cf.:

    orationem ad exempla,

    id. Rep. 2, 31 fin.; Quint. 10, 2, 1:

    judicium ad ea,

    id. 6, 5, 2:

    se ad id quod, etc.,

    id. 12, 3, 8; cf.:

    se ad ea effingenda,

    id. 10, 1, 127:

    praecipua rerum ad famam,

    Tac. A. 4, 40 et saep.—In a different sense (viz., with ad equiv. to secundum, v. ad):

    in verbis et eligendis et collocandis nihil non ad rationem,

    Cic. Brut. 37, 140:

    vitam ad certam rationis normam,

    to conform, id. Mur. 2:

    leges hominum ad naturam,

    id. Leg. 2, 5 fin.; id. Or. 2 fin. et saep.—
    (β).
    With in (not so in Cic.):

    tota mente (intentionem) in opus ipsum,

    Quint. 10, 3, 28:

    communes locos in vitia,

    id. 2, 1, 11; Front. Strat. 3, 2, 2 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With abl. (only in Cic.):

    quos (fines) utilitate aut voluptate dirigunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 20 fin.:

    omnia voluptate,

    id. ib. 2, 22, 71:

    utilitatem honestate,

    id. Off. 3, 21, 83:

    haec normā,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190.—
    (δ).
    Without an object:

    (divinatio) ad veritatem saepissime dirigit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 14 fin. —
    (ε).
    With acc. only: epistolam (sc. ad aliquem), to write, Capit. Clod. Alb. 2.—
    (ζ).
    With adversus, Quint. 5, 7, 6.—Hence, dīrectus ( dērectus), a, um, P. a., made straight, straight, direct, whether horizontally or perpendicularly; straight, level; upright, steep.
    A.
    Lit.:

    auditus flexuosum iter habet, ne quid intrare possit, si simplex et directum pateret,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 144; cf.

    aes (tubae), opp. flexum,

    Ov. M. 1, 98:

    iter,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 79, 2: latera, id. B. G. 7, 72, 1; cf.

    trabes,

    id. ib. 7, 23, 1:

    ordo (olearum),

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 22:

    arcus (opp. obliquus),

    Ov. M. 2, 129:

    paries,

    i. e. that cuts another at right angles, Cic. Top. 4: ut directiores ictus flant, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 2:

    praeruptus locus utraque ex parte directus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 45, 4; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 3:

    (Henna) ab omni aditu circumcisa atque directa,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48 Zumpt N. cr.:

    cornu,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26.— Subst.: dī-rectum, i, n., a straight line:

    in directo pedum VIII. esse, in anfracto XVI.,

    in a straight line, Varr. L. L. 7, § 15 Müll.; so,

    altitudo (montis) per directum IV. M. pass.,

    Plin. 5, 22, 18, § 80; cf. id. 3, 5, 9, § 66 al.:

    cadere in directum moderate (with exire per devexum),

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 20; Vulg. Ezech. 47, 20 al.—
    B.
    Trop., straightforward, unceremonious, open, simple, direct:

    o praeclaram beate vivendi et apertam et simplicem et directam viam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 18; cf.:

    iter ad laudem,

    id. Cael. 17, 41:

    vera illa et directa ratio,

    id. ib. 18:

    tristis ac directus senex,

    id. ib. 16, 38; cf.:

    quid est in judicio? Directum, asperum, simplex, SI PARET HS ICCC DARI,

    id. Rosc. Com. 4, 11:

    percunctatio et denuntiatio belli,

    Liv. 21, 19; cf.

    contiones,

    Just. 38, 3 fin. (v. obliquus):

    verba,

    Cod. Just. 6, 23, 15:

    actio,

    Dig. 3, 5, 46; 9, 4, 26 et saep.; cf.

    institutio (opp. precaria),

    id. 29, 1, 19:

    libertates (opp. fideicommissariae),

    id. 29, 4, 12.— Adv.
    a.
    dīrectē, directly, straight (very rare):

    dicere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 7, 24:

    ire,

    Vulg. Sap. 5, 22.—Far more freq.,
    b.
    dīrectō, directly, straight:

    deorsum ferri,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 25:

    transversas trabes,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 2:

    ad fidem spectare,

    Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46; so id. Div. 2, 61 fin. (opp. anfractus and circuitio); Liv. 1, 11 fin.; Sen. Ep. 66; Dig. 9, 4, 26 al. —
    * c.
    dīrectā:

    quo magis ursimus alte directā,

    press deep down perpendicularly, Lucr. 2, 198.—
    d.
    dīrectim, straightway, directly (post-class.), App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34; Macr. S. 7, 12 fin.—Comp.:

    directius gubernare,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66.— Sup. seems not to occur either in the adj. or in the adv.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dirigo

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